It’s found in the pancreas, a vital organ located in the abdomen. The pancreas makes enzymes needed to digest fats, carbohydrates and proteins. When it becomes inflamed, this is called pancreatitis.
Dr Andrew Spanner from South Australia’s Walkerville Vets says when pancreatitis occurs, enzymes spill over attacking the stomach, liver and intestines.
But, the exact cause of pancreatitis in dogs and other animals is unknown. However, there are known risk factors.
What are the risk factors for pancreatitis in dog?
The risk factors for pancreatitis in dogs are widespread. Some are genetic, while others are associated with the dog’s lifestyle.
Among the main risk factors for pancreatitis, according to Dr Spanner, are:
- High-fat diets: Eating too much fat can inflame the pancreas, as well as cause diarrhoea and weight gain.
- Obesity: If your dog is overweight, losing weight will help minimise the chances of developing the disease.
- Gender: Female dogs are at a slightly higher risk of developing pancreatitis than males.
- Breeds: All dogs can develop pancreatitis, but Miniature Schnauzers, Miniature Poodles and Cocker Spaniels are at higher risk than other breeds.
- Age: Most dogs are first affected in middle age.
How will I know if my dog has pancreatitis?
Lack of appetite, depression, tummy pains, vomiting and diarrhoea are all warning signs that your dog may have pancreatitis. Dr Spanner warns the disease can be fatal if untreated.
“Chronic pancreatitis is subtle and easily overlooked,” he says.
“It commonly occurs as repeated periods of illness that get better by themselves.”
Dr Spanner says dogs with chronic pancreatitis are typically off their food, withdrawn and occasionally vomiting.
“These animals are in significant pain but you can’t tell. It can go on for years if no one realises. So, you can see why we’re a little obsessed about this disease.”
Acute pancreatitis is easily diagnosed with a blood test. However, vets are generally able to make a speedy diagnosis of milder, chronic cases using a test for pancreatic lipase.
How is pancreatitis in dogs treated?
Dogs suffering from pancreatitis are treated with fluids intravenously and with pain relief. It’s critical to get them rehydrated.
Dr Spanner says untreated severe pain isn’t just a welfare issue, but also reduces their chances of survival.
“Pets will always be treated at home if there is the option,” he says.
“But dogs who aren’t able to keep food and water down need to be admitted to hospital to go on intravenous fluids.”
What do I feed my dog recovering from pancreatitis?
Dogs recovering for pancreatitis – and those who have previously suffered from it – should be fed an ultra low-fat diet to prevent recurrence.
Ideal foods include:
- Prescription low-fat tinned or dry diet foods
- Fruits and vegetables, rice, pasta
- Low-fat chew treats such as Dentastix™ and Greenies™
- Vege ears (not pigs ears)
